قواعد جديدة لتنظيم كاميرات المراقبة في أماكن العمل: حماية الأمن دون المساس بالخصوصية
أصدرت السلطة الوطنية لحماية المعطيات ذات الطابع الشخصي مذكرة جديدة بتاريخ 4 مارس 2026، تتضمن جملة من القواعد الأخلاقية والتنظيمية لاستعمال نظام المراقبة بالفيديو داخل أماكن العمل، في خطوة تهدف إلى تحقيق التوازن بين تعزيز الأمن وحماية خصوصية الأفراد.
وتأتي هذه المذكرة في ظل الانتشار الواسع لكاميرات المراقبة في المؤسسات والمحلات التجارية والمرافق المختلفة، حيث أصبحت وسيلة فعالة لتعزيز الأمن وحماية الممتلكات وضمان سلامة العمال والزوار. غير أن هذا الاستخدام يطرح في المقابل تحديات مرتبطة بحماية المعطيات الشخصية واحترام الحياة الخاصة للأفراد.
وأكدت المذكرة أن استعمال أنظمة المراقبة بالفيديو يخضع لترخيص مسبق من السلطات المختصة، خاصة بالنسبة للأجهزة غير المجهزة بالرؤية الليلية، وذلك بعد رأي لجنة الأمن الولائية، باستثناء الجهات التابعة لوزارة الدفاع الوطني ومصالح وزارة الداخلية.
كما شددت الوثيقة على ضرورة التصريح المسبق لدى السلطة الوطنية لحماية المعطيات ذات الطابع الشخصي بكل معالجة تتم عبر كاميرات المراقبة، سواء من طرف الأشخاص الطبيعيين أو المعنويين، لضمان الشفافية واحترام الإطار القانوني المعمول به.
وفي سياق حماية الحقوق الفردية، أكدت المذكرة أن الهدف من معالجة التسجيلات يجب أن يقتصر على تأمين الأشخاص والممتلكات، مع منع استخدام هذه التسجيلات لأغراض أخرى غير مبررة. كما ألزمت المؤسسات بإعلام الموظفين والمتعاملين بوجود الكاميرات ومواقعها وأسباب استعمالها، عبر لافتات واضحة أو وسائل إعلام داخلية مناسبة.
ومن بين أهم الإجراءات التي تضمنتها المذكرة، منع تركيب كاميرات المراقبة في الأماكن التي تتطلب مستوى عالياً من الخصوصية، مثل دورات المياه وغرف تغيير الملابس والأماكن الخاصة، حفاظاً على كرامة الأفراد واحترام حياتهم الخاصة.
وتندرج هذه التدابير ضمن مسعى الدولة لترسيخ ثقافة احترام المعطيات الشخصية وتعزيز الثقة بين المؤسسات والمواطنين، خاصة في ظل التحول الرقمي المتسارع الذي يشهده المجتمع.
ويرى مختصون أن هذه القواعد الجديدة تمثل خطوة مهمة نحو تنظيم استخدام التكنولوجيا الحديثة في مجال الأمن، مع ضمان عدم تحولها إلى وسيلة للمساس بالحريات الفردية، وهو ما يعكس توجه الجزائر نحو تعزيز الإطار القانوني لحماية الخصوصية في الفضاء المهني.
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